EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGE OF THEOPHYLLINE PHARMACOKINETICS IN YOUNG INFANTS GIVEN INTRAVENOUS AMINOPHYLLINE BY CONTINUOUS INFUSION
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概要
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To evaluate the development of theophylline clearance in young infants and to determine the appropriate dose for intravenous theophylline infusion, we investigated 350 cases given intravenous aminophylline by continuous infusion.The younger the infant was, the higher the frequency of this treatment was. 72.9% of infants in the first year of life were given this treatment, so we thought this method was very important for status asthmatics in these young children.Next, we obtained the theophylline clearance rate which was calculated from the infusion dose divided by the serum concentration at steady state in the 161 cases. When the patient groups were studied according to their clearance rate, it became evident that clearance values of young infants were decreased. Especially the clearance rate in infants under 6 months old was 0.0371/kg/h which was about a half of that of elder infants'. These data suggested that theophylline is metabolized more slowly in young infants than in elder infants. We studied intrapatient theophylline clearance variability in 10 patients and followed up for the first two years of life.. Rapid increase of the clearance was noted in all patients by 1 year 2 months old. From these results we recommend that appropriate maintainance doses are 0.5mg/kg/h for under 6 month old, 0.6mg/kg/h for 6 month to 1 year old, 0.8mg/kg/h for 1 to 2 year old, and 0.9mg/kg/h for 2 to 6 year old infants respectively.
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