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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is common among infants and young children. RSV infection is often present during a first wheezing episode, bronchiolitis, and later with subsequent recurring episodes of wheezing. It is still a matter of debate however, whether RSV infection is one of the causative triggers of asthma. In animal models it is known that specific portions of RSV proteins induce T-cell (CD4+ T cell or CD8+ T cell, Th1 or Th2) subset responses. We saw 344 cases of RSV infection at Chiba Children's Hospital. Among these 344 cases, 35.5% were diagnosed as already having asthma. Children with concurrent RSV infections had the following characteristic; RSV infections occurred to a greater degree in older children, particularly in the three year old age group. Children in this age group exhibited various clinical manifestations which included high frequencies of pneumonia and febrile episodes during acute RSV infections.Recent literature has revealed that RSV infection induces the production of proinflammatory cytokines and eosinophilic chemotatic factors even in the lower respiratory tract of infants and young children. These facts would suggest that there may be a link between asthma and RSV infection.
日本小児アレルギー学会の論文