Relationship between Detection of Thermostable Direct Hemolysin Gene-Positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Environmental Samples and Food, and V. parahaemolytics Infection in a Particular District of Akita Prefecture, Japan
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The relationship between the detection of thermostable direct hemolysin gene (<I>tdh</I>) -positive <I>Vibrio parahemolyticus</I> from environmental samples (estuarine water and estuarine mud) and Rock Oysters, and the emergence of <I>V. parahaemolytics</I> infection was investigated in a district of Akita prefecture in 2000 and 2001. A selective isolation method employing PCR for <I>tdh</I>, an immunomagnetic separation technique, and direct inoculation of <I>tdh</I>-positive enrichment broth onto a Wagatsuma agar, was used in the examination of the environmental samples and Rock Oysters.<BR>The number of cases <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> infection decreased between 2000 and 2003, which was due to a decrease in the number of <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> O3: K 6 (<I>tdh</I>+) patients. The period in which <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> infection was observed in Honjyo city coincided with that in which Rock Oysters were retailed, and <I>tdh</I>-positive <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> was isolated from both of the environmental samples and Rock Oysters obtained in that period, suggesting that Rock Oyster was one source of <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> infection in Honjyo city. However, whether all Rock Oysters containing <I>tdh</I>-positive <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> could cause human diarrhea was unclear, because the infectious dose of <I>tdh</I>-positive <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> has not been established, and the number of <I>tdh</I>-positive <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> in Rock Oysters was not measured. We propose from our findings that the temperature of Rock Oysters at retail stores should be kept low enough to prevent proliferation of <I>tdh</I>-positive <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I>, which should prevent <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> infection.<BR>This is the first report showing a relationship between the detection of <I>tdh</I>-positive <I>Vibrio parahemolyticus</I> from the environmental and food samples, and the emergence of <I>V. parahaemolytics</I> infection in a particular district. In order to elucidate epidemiology of <I>V. parahaemolyticus</I> infection, further studies should be conducted in the different districts of Japan.
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日本食品微生物学会 | 論文
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