Metabolism of Hymexazol N-Glucoside in Rats
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Metabolism of 2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolin-3-one (hymexazol N-glucoside, HNG) in male rats was studied. 14C-HNG intravenously or intraperitoneally dosed was excreted unchanged into urine, showing that rat tissues are not involved in the metabolism of HNG. In in vitro metabolism, HNG was biotransformed to 3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole (hymexazol) by rat cecal microflora under an anaerobic condition, and hymexazol was further metabolized to acetoacetamide (AAA), while AAA remained unchanged. When AAA was orally or intravenously or intraperitoneally administered to rats, AAA was in every case biodegraded to (-)-erythro-(2R, 3R)-dihydroxybutyramide (DBA) as a major metabolite, indicating that AAA was metabolized to DBA in rat tissues. Our study showed that orally administered HNG was biotransformed in the gastrointestinal tract to hymexazol and AAA, which were rapidly absorbed, metabolized mainly to 5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl sulfate, 3-β-D-glucopyranuronosyloxy-5-methylisoxazole and DBA, and then these metabolites were excreted into urine.
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