The Accuracy of the Contour Lines I.
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概要
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The contour lines traced by photogrammetrical method have some what different meaning compared with the contours drawn by plane table surveying on the ground. By plane table survey, it is very difficult to carry out the height measuring at every points of the terrain surface, but by photogrammetry, it is far easier to mearure the heights and plane coordinates of all points on the stereomodell, and every contour lines are drawn directly by continuous height measuring on the ground. The accuracy of contour lines is affected by the condition of the terrain, (vegetation, ground inclination, and other factors), and in addition, in the case of photogrammetry, the conditions of aerial photography (camera, lens, flight altitude, exposure time, season and date of photography, climate, base-height ratio, etc.), stereoplotting instruments, and the nature of the stereo modell. There are some rules about the accuracy of contour lines; the famous C-factor used in America; Koppe's formula (4), which was applied at first to the terrestrial survey, then to the photogrammetrical case by changing its constants. But all these seem to be not enough to explain the accuracy of photogrammetrical contour-tracing, untill more detailed nature of the stereo modell is taken into account, As one attempt, we tried to introduce the effect of the inclination of the sight line which connects the nodal point of lens and the observing point on the stereo modell, and got the formulas (9), (10), and (9b), (lOb). These results can be regarded as a modification of Koppe's formula, replacing the constants a; b, by the functions of sight line inclination β, and the ground inclination α by the inclination α' of the stereo modell, in which the effect of the modell plastic is also included.
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