Deformation of the Zubchatyy Ice Shelf, Antarctica, derived from Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry.
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概要
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A pair of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) scenes over the Casey Bay region, Antarctica, was obtained using the C-band (5.7 cm wavelength) SAR sensor onboard the European Remote Sensing Satellite 1 (ERS-1). The two scenes were received at Syowa Station, using the 11 m S/X band paraboloid antenna, on 7 December and 10 December of 1991 for the 3-day ice-phase period of ERS-1. The interferometric processing of the two SAR scenes produced clear interferogram on the Zubchatyy Ice Shelf, which can be related to deformations by ocean tide. Although topographic fringes cannot be removed from the overall fringes, they can be considered as within 0.25 cycle, since the surface undulation of the Zubchatyy Ice Shelf is within 0-40 m height range. When we suppose that the obtained displacement fringes consist only of the vertical component, the calculated vertical change of the Zubchatyy Ice Shelf during 3 days can be estimated as 41.5 cm at maximum; this change is consistent with the ocean tide change of 35.2 cm predicted from the 0RI96 model by Matsumoto et al. (1995). At the transition zone between the ice sheet area and the ice shelf area, the grounding lines can clearly be identified by 1-3 km wide bands of dense displacement fringes in the interferogram. When appropriate values are adopted at the physical properties of ice, and thickness of ice shelf is assumed as 300 m in the deformation equation by Holdsworth (1977), the width of the transition zone results in around 45 m for the transient-creep model and around 230 m for the elastic deformation model, respectively. These values are smaller by a factor of 10-45 than the actually obtained values of about 2 km at the Zubchatyy Ice Shelf. Although refined analysis may be required with the combined use of different band/different look angle SAR scenes, SAP interferometry was shown to be a powerful tool for the studies of ice dynamics and ocean tide around Antarctica.
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