The Effect of Different Management Practices on Incidence of Diarrhea of Naturally Suckled Japanese Black Calves
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概要
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Incidences of calf diarrhea between 0 and 91 days of age were investigated under two different management systems; (i) conventional system: old calving pen, disinfection of pen barn using invert soap solution (once/mo.) and keeping a group of 4-8 cow-calf pairs in loose barn, (ii) modified system: new calving pen away from loose barn with the old one, disinfection of pen barn using invert soap or orthodichlorobenzene solution (twice/mo.), dipping in an operator's foot bath and keeping a group of 4-6 cow-calf pairs in loose barn. Calves experimented under both systems were natural all suckled Japanese Black Cattle, which were born in the period from April to November. The number of calves used were 15 (8 heifers and 7 bulls) under conventional system (1989) and 10 (4 heifers and 6 bulls) under modified one (1990), respectively. The calves were kept in individual calving pens for the first week postpartum and then transferred to the loose barn (adjacent to the old calving pen) where they remained as a cow-calf group to the end of experiment. The relationship between the days of diarrhea morbidity and average daily weight gain in the calves during 0-91 days postpartum were also examined in both systems. The results obtained were as follows:<BR>The overall incidence rate for calf diarrhea showed a lower value in modified system than in conventional one (80 vs 100%) . Especially, the incidence rate for calf diarrhea for the first week postpartum in the new calving pen was much lower than that in the old pen (20 vs 53.3%) . In both conventional and modified systems, the incidence rates for calf diarrhea revealed the highest value (100 and 70%, respectively) during 0-30 days postpartum, thereafter tended to decline with advancing calf age until 91 days. The calves which had not suffered from diarrhea in the new calving pen, had a much shorter diarrheal duration even in the loose barn (average 2.4 days/animal) compared to the animals which had (and not) suffered from the illness in the old pen (average 18.6 and 7.4 days/animal, <I>P</I><0.01 and <I>P</I><0.05, respectively) . In the conventional system, a significant negative correlation was shown between diarrheal duration and average daily weight gain in calves (<I>P</I><0.10), indicating that the calves which suffered from diarrhea for the longest time tended to have a slower growth rate. By contrast, it was suggested that in the modified system, a shorter diarrheal duration (within 7 days during the over all nursing period) in calves did not affect their performance.
- 日本暖地畜産学会の論文
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