Halogenated Disinfection By-products in Raw and Tap Water Collected from Some Areas.
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We determined the concentrations of 34 halogenated disinfection by-products in raw and tap water in an area by our new multi-component systematic analytical method.<BR>The total concentration of all halogenated disinfection by-products was under 15 ng/ml in all raw water samples in the investigated area but under 5 ng/ml in many of them. According to the classes of halogenated by-products, the concentration of haloacetic acids was extremely high, and halogenated by-products showing the second highest concentration (haloacetones, haloacetaldehydes, or trihalomethanes) differed according to the characteristics of the raw water. Among haloacetic acids, the concentrations of dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were high in river water for supplying drinking water while the concentration of tribromoacetic acid was high in river water containing sea and waste water.<BR>On the other hand, the total concentration of all halogenated disinfection by-products in tap water in special districts of the mainland and OG districts of the islands was about 50-140 ng/ml (mean, about 100 ng/ml) . According to the classes of halogenated by-products, haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes were major by-products, and their concentration was about 15-90 ng/ml (mean, about 20-65 ng/ml) . Haloacetonitriles, haloacetones, and haloacetaldehydes were medium by-products with their concentration being about 1-15 ng/ml (mean, several-slightly less than 15 ng/ml) . Halonitromethanes and halopropionic acids were minor by-products, and their concentration was under 2 ng/ml . Concerning individual halogenated by-products in each class, halogenated by-products in tap water derived from river water were mainly chlorine series, and those in tap water derived from river and ground water containing sea and waste water were mainly bromine series.The concentrations of all individual halogenated by-products were lower in tap water purified by advanced water treatment than in tap water purified only by chlorination.<BR>Similarly, the total concentration of all halogenated disinfection by-products in tap water in non-special districts of the mainland and OH districts of the islands was about 5-70 ng/ml (mean, about 25 ng/ml) . According to the classes of halogenated by-products, haloacetic acids and trihalomethanes were major by-products and their concentrations were about 0.5-40 ng/ml (mean, about 3-20 ng/ml) . Haloacetonitriles, haloacetones, and haloacetaldehydes were medium by-products and their concentrations were below the detection limit-about 30 ng/ml (mean, about 0.5-3 ng/ml) . Halopropionic acids and halonitromethanes were minor by-products and their concentrations were under 1 ng/ml. Concerning individual halogenated by-products in each class, halogenated by-products in tap water derived from river water were mainly chlorine series, and those in tap water derived from river water containing sea and waste water were mainly bromine series.<BR>The difference in the concentration of halogenated by-products between tap water and raw water was very marked in the special districts of the mainland and the OG districts of the islands. However, compared with these districts, the difference in the concentration of halogenated by-products between tap water and raw water was slight in the non-special districts of the mainland and the OH districts of the islands.
- 日本環境化学会の論文
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