Introducing the World Geodetic System(WGS-84) in Global Navigation Satellite System.
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概要
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The Committee for Future Air Navigation System (FANS) under the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) decided in March, 1989, to introduce Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for all airports in the world. Further, ICAO adopted the recommendations for all countries to employ WGS-84 system for airport positioning since January 1, 1998. Accuracy for horizontal position is specified to be within ±30 cm. Based on these recommen dations, a special working group was organized in Japan to discuss how to establish WGS-84coordinates for Japanese airports. Test GPS observations were carried out at some VLBI stations and airports with the Trimble receivers 4000-SSE or SSI so as to include at least three days observations during the period from February 21 to February 24, 1996. The longest baseline is approximately 2300 km. Each one day observation corresponds to one session with 30 seconds of sampling intervals. The baseline analysis is performed with the GPSurvey 2.00 software adopting the IGS precise ephemerides. ITRF 93.0 coordinate at the Kashima VLBI station that is reduced to the observation epoch by using the associated velocity was adopted as the reference coordinate for at all GPS stations. ITRF coordinate at Kashima is first changed into WGS-84 (first version) and then employed to be a fixed station in network adjustment. Standard deviations of X, Y, and Z coordinates at VLBI station of Kashima are within a range of several mm, and standard deviations of adjusted horizontal coordinates at GPS stations relative to Kashima are within a range of 10-20 mm. Thus estimated standard deviation of coordinates at the airports are accepted to be within a range of aimed accuracy.
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