Expression of the osteonectin and type I collagen genes during dentinogenesis.
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The multi-functional protein osteonectin is widely distributed throughout many tissues. It plays a role in tissue morphogenesis and affects the interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix.<BR>Osteonectin may also play an important role in dentin mineralization, since it has high affinity for Ca and hydroxyapatite. Expression of the genes for osteonectin and type I collagen, which is a major dentin organic matrix protein during dentinogenesis in mouse incisors, was studied by <I>in situ</I> hybridization using RNA probes to clarify the function of osteonectin during dentinogenesis. Apparent expression of osteonectin gene was detected in dental papilla cells from the horizontal region of the cervical loop, and was maximal in preodontoblasts and early-secretory-stage odontoblasts. Expression in secretory odontoblasts was weaker than that in preodontoblasts, and gradually decreased toward the incisal edge.<BR>Intense osteonectin expression reappeared in the region of osteodentin formation. In the periodontal ligament, fibroblasts associated with periodontal fibers orientated longitudinally to the tooth axis, while cementoblasts and osteoblasts showed intense osteonectin expression. Expression of the type I collagen gene was essentially the same as that for osteonectin. Reactions using sense osteonectin and type I collagen RNA revealed no specific localization.<BR>These results suggest that osteonectin plays an important role in matrix formation and mineralization of dentin, as well as in turn over of the periodontal ligament.
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