Effects of adrenergic .ALPHA.-agonists on the secretion of glycoproteins from the secretory cells of the rat submandibular gland.
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The effects of six different α-agonists: methoxamine (MET), phenylephrine (PHE), metaraminol (MTA), naphazoline (NAP), oxymetazoline (OXY), and clonidine (CLO), each administered at a dose of 8mg/kg, on the secretion of glycoprotein (GP) and fluid from the submandibular glands were studied in anesthetized rats. Salivation elicited by the drugs occurred 5-10 min after administration of MET and within about 5min in the other cases. The order of potency of effects on salivation from the submandibular gland was PHE>MET>MTA>>NAP≅CLO≅OXY. The concentrations of protein in saliva evoked by MET, PHE, and MTA were significantly higher than those in saliva evoked by NAP, OXY and CLO. The electrophoretic profiles of GP in submandibular saliva elicited in response to the six α-agonists showed two bands which corresponded to GP I (130KDa) and GP IV (21.5KDa), characteristically present in the acinus, and one band which corresponded to GP III (31KDa) characteristically present in the granular tubules. The relative amounts of band III expressed as a percentage of total glycoprotein in saliva evoked by MET, PHE, MTA, NAP, OXY, and CLO were 63.5±4.4, 43.2±2.4, 27.9±5.3, 11.8±0.6, 24.9±4.0, and 17.5±0.8, respectively. These results suggest that MET, PHE, and MTA affect the granular tubules predominantly, whereas NAP, OXY, and CLO affect both the acinus and granular tubules. Furthermore, α-adrenoceptors which mediate secretion of glycoprotein and fluid in response to these drugs appear, thus, to be mainly of the α<SUB>1</SUB>-subtype.
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