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1. Chemical composition and immunobiological activities of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)-soluble fractions of cell envelopes derived from gram-negative, anaerobic rods (<I>A. actinomyceterncomitans</I> ATCC 29522, ATCC 29524, Y4, <I>B. gingivalis</I> #381, #1021, B. asaccharolyticus ATCC 27067 and <I>F. nucleatum</I> ATCC 25586) were investigated.<BR>2. Main components of the preparations were protein (42-78%) and lipid (as fatty acid, 16-27%, except <I>F. nucleatum</I>, 10%). The preparations were free from peptidoglycan in terms of muramic acid determination and the content of 2-keto-3-deoxy-octonate (KDO) and endotoxin (in terms of toxicolor®test) was less than 0.11 and 0.02%, respectively.<BR>3. The preparations which exhibited induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity and antibody production were <I>A. actinomycetemcomitans</I> ATCC 29524 and <I>B. gingivalis</I> #381, #1021, and the preparations of <I>A. actinomycetemcomitans</I> ATCC 29522 and <I>B. asaccharolyticus</I> ATCC 27067 exhibited only potentiation of cell-mediated immunity.<BR>4. Mitogenic activities of the preparations were investigated by using culturing splenocytes of athymic BALB/c nu/nu, C3H/HeN and C3H/HeJ mice, and all of the preparations tested were proved to be potent B cell mitogen.<BR>5. Migration-stimulating activities of the preparations on human peripheral blood monocytes were investigated, and all of the preparations other than <I>A. actinomycetemcomitans</I> ATCC 29524 and <I>B. gingivalis</I> #1021 exhibited lower but definite activities than those of positive control, FLMP and LPS-activated serum.<BR>6. Effects of the SDS-soluble fractions on the morphology and [<SUP>3</SUP>H]-thymidine incorporation of human fibroblasts were investigated. Morphological changes were observed in concentration of 100μg/ml in order of <I>B. gingivalis</I> #381, #1021><I>F. nucleatum</I>><I>B. asaccharolyticus</I>><I>A. actinomycetemcomitans</I> ATCC 29524. The preparations of <I>A. actinomycetemcomitans</I> in concentrations less than 20 μg/ml exhibited slightly potent inhibitory effect on incorporation of [<SUP>3</SUP>H]-thymidine than those of <I>B. gingivalis</I> and <I>B. asaccharolyticus</I>.
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