Effects of chronic administration of pilocarpine on saliva secretion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
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Pilocarpine is a parasympathomimetic agonist and one of the most extensively studied salivary stimulants. Salivary hypofunction patients require long-term administration of secretagogues, but little is known about the effects of chronic administration of pilocarpine on saliva secretion. Hence, in the present study, we evaluated the effects of chronic administration of pilocarpine on saliva secretion in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic mice.<BR>Four weeks after induction of diabetes, saliva flow rate, protein concentration, and amylase activity were measured, by collecting saliva from the oral cavity over 30 min following an injection of pilocarpine. The effects of 7 days of pilocarpine administration were compared with the effects of a single injection.<BR>Saliva flow following a single intraperitoneal pilocarpine injection was significantly lower in the STZ diabetic mice than the control mice (buffer injection) . With chronic administration of pilocarpine, the rate of saliva release increased significantly in the first 10-min period following injection, both in the diabetic and control mice, compared with the single pilocarpine injection results.<BR>The total amylase secretion over 30 min induced by a single injection of pilocarpine was not reduced in diabetic mice, despite a decrease in total salivary protein secretion. After chronic administration of pilocarpine, protein secretion increased both in the diabetic and control mice, compared with single injection levels. Chronic administration tended to increase total amylase activity in the control mice, but not the diabetic mice.<BR>The present study has clarified the effects of chronic administration of pilocarpine, and suggests that pilocarpine may be beneficial for patients with salivary gland dysfunction.
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