Structural changes of mandible after tooth extraction.
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The purpose of present study was to observe the changes appearing in the mandibular bone structure after many teeth were extracted. The dogs, all of whose lower premolars and molars on one side were extracted at the same time were kept for 57-181 days. The animals were injected continuously with tetracycline during the first half of the experimental period and with calcein during the latter half, as shown in Fig.1. Buccolingual ground sections of the mandibular bone (Fig.2) were first microradiographed and, then, subjected to fluorescence microscopy. The two images were compared precisely for the control and experimental sides.<BR>The alveolar bone proper, spongy bone and newly formed bone in the socket became very porousseco ndarily within about 100 days. Resorption of the residual alveolar ridge progressed more extensively on the buccal than lingual side (Figs.4, 5, 7, 8-10, 12, 15, 17).<BR>Changes in the bone formation became observable also on the entire outer surface of the compactb one, although they were different on the buccal and lingual sides and mesial and distal portions of the premolar-molar region. In the mesial portion, bone formation was accelerated on the buccal surface but retarded on the lingual surface. However, in the distal portion, active bone formation appeared on the lingual surface and resorption on the buccal surface (Figs.4-7, 10-18).<BR>In the inner space surrounded by compact bone, two different changes were observed. One was the upward migration of the upper margin of the mandibular canal (Figs. 4, 5, 7-13, 15, 16, 19) and another was the active formation of bone on the entire surface of the inner wall of the com pact bone (Figs.4-7, 9 -16, 19). Internal remodeling in a form of replacement osteon was accelerated within the compact bone, especially its upper half (Figs.4, 6, 10, 11, 13, 14, 16). These changes observed in the compact bone on the experimental side seem to be related to distortion of the body of the mandibular bone occurring due to masticatory stress.
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