Characterization and Genealogical Analysis of Panicle Blast Resistance in a RSV-resistant japonica Rice Cultivar Tsukinohikari and Related Cultivars.
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概要
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We conducted a series of experiments in order to analyze the characteristics, persistence and origin of the blast resistance of cv Tsukinohikari and its two related cultivars. Tsukinohikari, a <I>japonica</I> rice cultivar also resistant to rice stripe virus (RSV), was developed at Aichi Prefectural Agriculture Research Center in Japan. The experiments had been carried out in Nagakute and Inabu located in the central part of Japan for 11years from 1984 to 1993 and in 1996. The genotypes of true resistance to blast of Tsukinohikari, Asanohikari and Aichi 67, which are common genotypes in Japan were <I>Pii, Pia. Pii and Pia/+</I>, respectively. The experiments were conducted using race 007 and race 037 of the blast fungus which were the prevalent races in the test fields. These races were virulento all the cultivars and lines used in the tests of blast resistance. Field resistance to leaf blast of Tsukinohikari, Asanohikari and Aichi 67 was comparatively low. Tsukinohikari and Aichi 67 were found to exhibit a moderate to intermediate resistance, and Asanohikari an inetermediate resistance (Tables 1 and 2). On the other hand, in the field, Tsukinohikari and Aichi 67 were estimated to be highly resistant to resistant to panicle blast, while Asanohikari was resistant (Tables 3 and 4). These results showed that the three cultivars expressed a stronger resistance to panicle blast than to leaf blast. Tsukinohikari showed a resistance to panicle blast which persisted during a period of 11years though the experiments consisted of tests in small fields in environments conductive to virulent disease both in Inabu and in Nagakute (Fig.1, Table 5). A genealogical analysis of Tsukinohikari (Fig.2) showed that among its ancestral cultivars, Aoisora, Aichi 6, St.No.1 and indica cv Modane xhibited a high field resistance to panicle blast. All of them were RSV-resistant. Many progeny cultivars of Tsukinohikari or Aoisora, such as Aoinokaze, Akanezora, Aichi 86, Matsuribare, Aichi 89 and Hoshinohikari were found to be highly resistant to panicle blast and they were also resistant to RSV.
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