NOTES UPON A CERTAIN ANAEROBE ISOLATED FROM WHALE MUSCLE:FIRST REPORT
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It is apparently little known that the intensive research has been directed toward the subject of acute gangrenous infection of whales.Nielsen (1888) described a pathogenic bacillus isolated from the dead whale which was due to wound infection and declared it to be similar to the causative organism of blackleg. Christiansen (1919) reported also an organism isolated from several samples of muscle from a single whale and placed the organism in the same group as the bacillus of Ghon-Sachs.Recently Heller (1920) made a close study of an organism isolated from whale muscle which was furnished by Dr. Jensen and found that his strain was definitely referable to the Vibrion septique group.As for the similar outbreak in our country it is informed that the first appearance happened in Aomori prefecture about one hundred years ago. Thereafter the second case occurred on the seaside of Nobeji in the same prefecture in 1921. But we had no pathological information about such a whale in both cases. In the meanwhile the third case having occurred in Kamikita district we have had a little knowledge about the dead whale, showing the emphysematous inflammation of muscle near the tail and in addition to this observation it is reported that many cattle and horses in the same district died successively with the similar symptoms to the black-leg.But one should keep in mind the possibility of the ocourrence of infection in which a similar pathogenic observation may be present by organisms of other group.From this suggestion, our attention was paid toward the question whether the causative organism of this whale septicaemia would be indentical with or similar to that of blackleg.So having had some salted whale muscle furuished by Mr. Tamura who is the local assistant inspector in that prefecture we commenced to work bacteriologically under the advisement of Dr. Nakamura.In effect, we have isolated a pathogenic organism from this material and tried to compare with the various species of pathogenic anaerobes in biological point of view at first.Morphologic and staining characters: -In the vegetative form in animals and in meat medium they stain uniformly and rather deeply with anilin dyes. In the sporulating form, they stain irregularly. Granules of protoplasma are Gram-positive and take stains deeply. Spores form early in the development of a culture in coagulated serum after 18 hour's incubation.They are oval and situated terminally in the bacillus. The bacillus is motile and flagellatd.Cultural characters: -Strictly anaerobic organisms of comparatively energetic growth habit in meat egg medium, producing gas and characteristic odour and turning it pink.They produce in milk in 3-4 days a soft clot which at an early stage is fragmentable by shaking but later stiffens, and liquefy gelatine.Fermentative reaction: -Carbohydrate fermentations have occasionally been resorted to as means of differentiating anaerobes. We have also performed fermentation tests with our strain and summarized as follows:Substances fermented Substances not fermentedArabinose Salicin MaltoseMannose Dulcit SolbitXylose InulinGlucose LaevuloseGlycogen SaccharoseGaractose DextrinPathogenic characters: -This organism is highly pathogenic for guinea-pigs and rabbits, producing a gelatinous infiltration in subcutoneous tissues with little or no gas production and haemorrhagic inflammation of lymphatic glands. But much less virulent for mice and pigeonsFrom the biological reactions above described, of course, we can not here insert a definite statement as to the behavior in our hands of the causative organism of anaerobic whale invader, but we venture to say at least that an anaerobe isolated from the whale muscle will be classified to the division in which organisms show predominantly saccharolytic possessing,
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公益社団法人 日本獣医学会 | 論文
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