Studies on Fungal Species in Airborne Fungal Flora in Matsue District.
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概要
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In the majority of studies on airborne fungal floras in Japan, identification of collected fungal isolates has been limited to the genus level. The exceptions have been the studies on allergens of bronchial asthma and mycotoxin producers. Determination up to the species level was made, however, in a study of airborne fungal floras isolated in the Matsue district of Shimane Prefecture. A high volume air sampler was used to take in air at 7, 200 m<SUP>3</SUP>, and 38, 090 airborne fungal colonies were collected in 1975, and 40, 497 colonies in 1989. Identification of the fungi up to the species level was performed throughout the study. Dominant genera in both years were <I>Penicillium, Cladosporium</I> and <I>Aspergillus</I>. The maximum numbers were recorded in the months of November in 1975 and December in 1989. The minimum was seen in June in both years. <I>Penicillium</I> was classified into 26 species, the dominant ones being <I>P. granulatum, P. oxalicum</I> and <I>P. multicolor</I>. All of <I>Cladosporium</I> isolated were determined to be <I>C. cladosporioides Aspergillus</I>. was composed of 9 species, including <I>A. niger, A. flavus and A. fumigatus Fusarium</I>. was represented by 4 species, <I>Paecilomyces</I> by 2, and the others were classified into 34 genera and 28 species. Some representative dominant species of collected fungi were inoculated into soil, where abundant conidia production was commonly detected ; the growth appearance of the fungi on the surface soil was like a mass made up entirely of conidia. Phialides specific to <I>Aspergillus, Penicillium</I> and <I>Paecilomyces</I> were not confirmed in fungi taken from the soil. Thus, the dominant genera of airborne fungi were believed to be highly active in conidia production in surface soil. It was also pointed out that the formation of dominant genera of airborne fungi in the soil was somewhat different from that which appeared in the ordinary test culture.
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