Approaches to the mechanism of dimorphic manifestation using several morphological mutant strains of Candida albicans.
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For the purpose of clarifying biochemical bases involved in the regulation of morphogenesis in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans, the relationship between the growth morphology and various biochemical activities of growth morphological mutant strains derived from the wild-type parent strain of this yeast were studied. The results are summarized as follows:1) Based on the patterns of inhibitory activities of three selective cell wall-active agents against mycelial growth of the wild-type strain and the relation of growth morphology of the cell wall-active agent inhibitor-resistant mutant strains with their abilities to synthesize cell wall components, it appears that β-glucan synthesis plays a major role in mycelial growth.2) In a mycelial-type mutant strain, glucose was mainly catabolized through the Embden-Meyerhof (EM) pathway, whereas in a yeast-type mutant strain glucose was mainly catabolized through the hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt.3) Yeast-type mutant strain exhibited significantly greater capability for synthesizing lipids than a mycelial-type mutant strain. The enzymatic activity of a yeast-type mutant strain involved in synthesis of desaturated fatty acids and phospholipids except for ergosterol and saturated fatty acids was higher than that of a mycelial-type mutant strain.4) All these results strongly support the possibility that the activity of cell wall synthesis, particularly β-glucan synthesis, which governs the final process of morphogenesis in C. albicans may be regulated by changes of lipid components of the cell membrane via lipid metabolisms, depending upon NADPH formed through the HMP shunt and by ATP levels formed through the EM pathway for glucose metabolism.
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