Effects of Gonadotrophins and Epidermal Growth Factor on Growth and Differentiation of Quail Granulosa Cells.

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Granulosa cells of avian follicles proliferate during follicular growth, and differentiate to secrete progesterone in response to luteinizing hormone (LH), when the follicle becomes the largest. In order to study the mechanism of growth and differentiation, quail granulosa cells were cultured with various gonadotrophins or epidermal growth factor (EGF).The culture medium was a mixture of McCoy's 5 a and Ham's F 12 (1:1) supplemented with glutamine, HEPES and antibiotics. The concentration of fetal calf serum was 10% during the initial 6 hr, and then was reduced to 1%. In order to evaluate the LH response of the cells after the culture, the cells were incubated with or without LH for 3 hr in Krebs-Ringer solution, and progesterone production was measured.When the granulosa cells were cultured with follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) for 72 hr, the response to LH was increased while the cell numbers were not increased. When the granulosa cells were cultured with EGF for 72 hr, the cell numbers increased, but the LH response of the cells was diminished.These results suggested that the growth and differentiation of the granulosa cells during follicular maturation was controlled by both FSH and EGF.
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