A Balanced Anesthesia with a Combination of Xylazine, Ketamine and Butorphanol and Its Antagonism by Yohimbine in Pigs.
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The effects of intramuscular injections of xylazine (2mg/kg)-ketamine (15mg/kg) [X-K<SUB>15</SUB>], and xylazine (2mg/kg)-ketamine (5mg/kg)-butorphanol (0.22mg/kg) [X-K<SUB>5</SUB>-B] were compared in atropinized (0.05mg/kg) miniature pigs (pigs). Both combinations induced the anesthesia for more than 1 hr, however X-K<SUB>5</SUB>-B induced the more potent and well balanced anesthesia as compared with X-K<SUB>15</SUB>, although the amount of ketamine was reduced to one third. The duration of loss of pedal reflex, an indicator of surgical anesthesia, in X-K<SUB>5</SUB>-B (62±13min) was significantly (P<0.05) longer than X-K<SUB>15</SUB> (28±19min). In addition, X-K<SUB>5</SUB>-B was accompanied by loss of laryngeal reflex in all pigs. Recovery from anesthesia in X-K<SUB>5</SUB>-B was much smoother than in X-K<SUB>15</SUB>, and the administration of yohimbine (0.05mg/kg) could rapidly and smoothly reverse the anesthesia induced by X-K<SUB>5</SUB>-B, although it was accompanied by a transient fall in blood pressure and tachycardia. The combination of xylazine, ketamine and butorphanol appears to be a relatively safe and widely available anesthesia for the period of one hour in pigs.
- 公益社団法人 日本獣医学会の論文
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会 | 論文
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