Studies on inherent and feld resistance to the leaf-spot disease in sugar beets.
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概要
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In accordance with the biometrical technique developed by SAKAI and GoTO(1963), the intervarietal variation in the leaf-spot disease resistance of sugar beets was partitioned into the following three cornponents : 1) the inherent resistance controlled by the host genotypes, 2) theenvironrylent-respondent resistance caused by some physiological or morphological responses of the host to the differentenvironmental conditions, 3) another additional resistance owing to the interaction betvveen the inherent and the environment-respondent resistance. Besides, the virulence of the pathogenic fungus (Cercospora beticola SACC.) was also partitioned into the three following components : 1) the inherent virulence controlled by the genotype of the fungus, 2) the environment-respondent virulence caused by physiological response of the fungus to the different environmental conditionsand the different hosts, 3) another additional virulence owing to the interaction between the two factors mentioned above. From these two partitions, three parameters (D<SUB>c</SUB> and D<SUB>b</SUB> and D<SUB>bc</SUB>) corresponding to the three components of the resistance and the virulence respectively were estimated and the following results were obtained. 1. The degree of inherentresistance(D<SUB>c</SUB>=0.9518) was extremely large. On the other hand, the degree of environment-respondent resistance (D<SUB>b</SUB> = 0.0045) and the degree of interaction between these two factors (D<SUB>bc</SUB>=0.0337) were very small. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the intensity of the disease resistance of any sugarbeet variety will be variable depending upon given environmental conditions, butthe relative relationship of resistance among varieties will be invariable in any environmental condition. 2. The degreeof inherent virulence (D<SUB>c</SUB>=0.9526) was extremely large, but the degree of environment-respondent virulence (D<SUB>b</SUB>=0.3049) and the degree of interaction(D<SUB>bc</SUB>=0.2575) between these factors were not so large. On the basis of these results, it was concluded that the virulence varied according to different isolates from different districts of Japan, and that there must be different strains or races of the fungus in Japan. 3. The biometrical method described above provided the same result as these obtained by the ordinary method of analysis of variance. Moreover, the former method is considered more reliable for breeding disease resistant sugar beets and its procedure is simpler than that of the lattet method.
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