Growth Conditions of Subgrain-Free LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> Single Crystals by the Czochralski Method
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Subgrain-free LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> single crystals were grown by the CZ method. It is generally accepted that thermal fluctuations are a serious drawback in growing a high-quality crystal. However, we found that subgrain-free LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> crystals could be grown only under regular thermal fluctuation of the melt. In order to analyze the effect of thermal fluctuation, we measured such properties of molten LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> as the viscosity, density, surface tension, and electrical conductivity. From these measurements, we speculate the existence of clusters made of niobium oxide molecules and lithium oxide molecules below 1280°C. The volume fraction of these clusters decreases as the temperature of molten LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> increases. A reduction of the density of these clusters prevents LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> crystals from producing subgrains. This reduction is regarded as one of the necessary conditions required for growing a subgrain-free LiNbO<SUB>3</SUB> single crystal.
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公益社団法人 応用物理学会 | 論文
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