Current status of routine laboratory myocological test techniques in Japan.
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概要
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We made a survey of the status of mycological laboratory techniques in Japan. Questionnaires were sent to clinical laboratories in various districts from June to July 1987. 182 institutions answered the questionnaire, with laboratories from university hospitals (40%), general hospitals (37%), commercial firms (4%) and other medical institutions (14%).Fungus culture is performed by almost all laboratories, but some rely on commercial laboratories. The cultivation temperature and incubation time are remarkably different depending on the laboratory: 28% of laboratories use 35 to 37°C, and 13% terminate the culture in only 2 days; 64% perform identifications of both yeast-like fungi and molds, and 25% fo the laboratories only identify yeast-like fungi. Dermatophytes are not examined in 43%, and this is done by a dermatologist in a dermatological department, especially in university hospitals. As to the identification of major pathogenic fungi, almost all laboratories can identify Candida species, but 13% cannot identify Cryptococcus neoformans, 19% Trichosporon, 36% Geotrichum, 27% Aspergillus fumigatus, 38 to 47% dermatophytes, and 67% Fonsecaea. In spite of the large number of test requests from clinicians for the drug-susceptibility of fungi, this is performed by only a few laboratories.The survey results indicate that the laboratory mycological test techniques in Japan are not yet sufficiently developed to cope with the requirements of clinicians. The improvement of methods, the dissemination of knowledge and the training of technicians are suggested to be most important.
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