Tissue responses and fungus configurations. Tissue responses in chromomycosis and phaeomycotic cyst, and parasitic forms of the causative organisms.

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Tissue responses to the causative organisms and their parasitic forms were re-examined in cases of chromomycosis and phaeomycotic cyst caused by Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa and Exophiala jeanselmei. Additionally, tissue responses developed in the brain of congenitally athymic nude (nu/nu) mice and their heterozygous littermates (nu/+) which were experimentally infected with F. pedrosoi or Exophiala dermatitidis were investigated.<BR>The results are as follows : <BR>1) The tissue responses to the dematiaceous fungus infection depend on the strength of host defense rather than the species of the fungi. Among various defense mechanisms, the role which cell-mediated immunity plays, in particular, is important. For example, in nu/nu mice inoculated with F. pedrosoi remarkable pyogenic response occurred to the causative organisms instead of the granulomatous appearing response usually in nu/+ mice.<BR>2) Parasitic forms of the dematiaceous fungi distributed continuously from a hyphal form to sclerotic cells, and the parasitic forms were fairly characterized by the species. On the other hand, the parasitic forms also depend strongly on the strength of host defense. For example, in compromised host the parasitic forms become almost hyphae, while in non-compromised host sclerotic cells are easily formed.<BR>3) Due to the strength of host defense or the species of the causative organisms, clinical types of dematiaceous fungus infection are continuously changing between chromomycosis and phaeomycotic cyst. It is difficult to draw a line between the two diseases. We need on overall understanding of dematiaceous fungus infection.
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