Growth Responses of Seedlings in <I>Oryza glaberrima</I> Steud. to Short-term Submergence in Guinea, West Africa

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概要

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• In inundation areas in rainfed lowland and inland valleys of Guinea as well as other regions in Africa, submergence for a few days to a few weeks with a water depth less than 50 cm occurs in rice cultivation during the rainy season. Young rice seedlings after transplanting are particularly vulnerable to submergence stress. <I>Oryza glaberrima </I>Steud. is well adapted to growth in inundation areas with deepwater conditions in West Africa; however, it is not evident whether it resists short-term submergence stress after transplanting. The purpose of the study was to understand the physiological responses of rice plants after transplanting to short-term submergence stress under rainfed conditions for <I>O. glaberrima </I>by comparison with several genotypes of <I>Oryza sativa </I>L. from Guinea. Eight genotypes of <I>O. glaberrima </I>and seven genotypes of <I>O. sativa </I>including two shoot elongation genotypes, one submergence tolerant genotype as a control cultivars, and four genotypes of common cultivars in West Africa were used. Thirty day-old seedlings were submerged completely for 10 days with medium deepwater conditions at 45 cm water depth at 13 days after transplanting in a lowland field. <I>O. glaberrima </I>showed higher shoot elongation ability during submergence than any genotype of <I>O. sativa </I>that we tested. However, <I>O. glaberrima </I>lodged easily after desubmergence due to longer and rapid shoot elongation during submergence, and thus triggered a decrease in its survival rate. The submergence tolerant genotype of <I>O. sativa </I>maintained the dry matter weight of the leaf blade during submergence through the inhibition of shoot elongation. We suggest that <I>O. glaberrima </I>is susceptible to short-term submergence while it may adapt to prolonged flooding because of improved restoration of aerial photosynthesis and survival rate through shoot elongation ability.

著者

• Omasa Kenji

  Graduate School Of Agricultural And Life Sciences The Univ. Of Tokyo

• SAKAGAMI Jun-Ichi

  Section de programme du riz, Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée (IRAG)

• JOHO Yukiko

  Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo

• KAWANO Naoyoshi

  Division of Crop Production and Environment, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences

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• Growth Responses of Seedlings in Oryza glaberrima Steud. to Short-term Submergence in Guinea, West Africa

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