体性感覚入力を用いためまいリハビリテーション
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概要
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The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) generates smooth eye movements that compensate for head movements to ensure gaze stabilization during head rotation. The VOR is under adaptive control and corrects VOR performance when a visual-vestibular mismatch arises during head movement. During normal visual-vestibular interactions, cooperation between the VOR and vision results in the stabilization of retinal images. Adaptive VOR recalibration occurs when a visual-vestibular mismatch arises through the manipulation of visual feedback during head movement. In consideration of the importance of VOR in gaze stabilization, it has been predicted that when the VOR is lost, patients may become severely disabled by retinal image movements during head movements. The vestibular center uses substitutes such as visual and somatosensory information to compensate for lost vestibular signals. In this article, we report the results of our current studies investigating the contribution of somatosensory signals to the VOR. In the 1st experiment, we examined the effect of rotational stimulation to the shoulder joint on the VOR. In the 2nd experiment, we examined the plasticity of the VOR using vestibular-somatosensory interactions and the effect of adaptive plasticity on the VOR by somatosensory stimulation using alternative pressure stimulation on the outer side of both upper arms for 20 seconds. Based on our results, we suggest that somatosensory input represents a useful additional input for developing vestibular compensation in patients with peripheral vestibular disorders, such as vestibular neuronitis and Meniere's disease.