多環芳香族炭化水素と誘導体の毒性機序解明へのアプローチ
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概要
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Previous epidemiological studies have indicated that ambient particulate matter (PM) might be a risk factor for the development/exacerbation of respiratory and cardiovascular disease. One of the major sources of urban atmospheric PM is assumed to be diesel exhaust particles (DEP). Many experimental studies have demonstrated that ambient PM or DEP may enhance inflammatory responses mediated especially by organic chemical components including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that leads to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Oxidative stress may be one of the responsible factors in the toxicological and inflammatory effects of chemicals. Recently, we have examined the differences in the effects of PAHs and their related chemicals on the respiratory cells and immune cells. We observed that oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and inflammatory responses were induced by some chemicals such as compounds containing hydroxyl, carbonyl, or nitro groups. Taken together, the toxicological effects of PAHs and their derivatives may be related to their chemical structures such as functional group and isomer. These differences may lead to the different function such as intracellular metabolism, cell membrane permeability, and receptor binding not only oxidative stress.