Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Li2FeSiO4 as Positive Electrode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries

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Li2FeSiO4 was prepared by the hydrothermal method, and the influences of synthesis conditions (temperature, time, and lithium-ion concentration) were systematically examined. Low-temperature phase of Li2FeSiO4 (space group; Pmn21, a=6.23, b=5.36, and c=4.98 Å) was hydrothermally prepared from LiOH, FeCl2, and amorphous SiO2 at 150°C for 3 day. As-prepared Li2FeSiO4 (ca. 1 µm size) shows poor electrochemical reactivity with 20 mAh g−1 of discharge capacity at room temperature in aprotic Li cell. Electrochemical reactivity of the as-prepared Li2FeSiO4 has been considerably improved by the ballmilling process with acetylene black because particle size of Li2FeSiO4 is reduced to 50–200 nm size, and the individual particles are uniformly covered by acetylene black. The ballmilled Li2FeSiO4 can deliver 130 mAh g−1 of the rechargeable capacity at room temperature or 150 mAh g−1 at 60°C.
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