産地型中小企業集積地の存続要因に関する実証研究
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概要
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Among two similar industrial districts, what causes one to sustain and the other to fail? Alternatively, why and how did the districts that sustained maintain their competitive strength, and why and how did the districts that failed lose their competitive strength? This paper aims to examine the strategies of industrial districts by comparing and contrasting the long-term trends in industrial district that sustain and industrial district that fail in order to determine the factors behind sustainability and failure.As a result, the following conclusions were drawn.The Japanese sandal manufacturers at the industrial district in Sango-cho, Nara Prefecture manufactured products that responded to the market's needs and changed its business model to fit the customer, and the industrial district in Sango-cho has sustained.The Japanese sandal manufacturers at the industrial district in Kanmaki-cho, Nara Prefecture attempted to manufacture large quantities of low-priced products, but were ultimately unable to compete on price and lost its competitive advantage. Thus, the manufacturers in the industrial district in Kanmaki-cho failed.The conclusion drawn from the results of this study is that the factors behind the sustainability of industrial districts where small- and medium-sized enterprises produce daily consumer goods (Japanese sandals) depend on the cluster of enterprises that possess a strong business risk and employ a product differentiation strategy (i.e. pursuing a niche market that does not compete with large- and medium-sized enterprises, understanding market needs, and creating products that respond to these needs). Due to this strategy, they consistently pursued competition on a non-price basis and their products possessed unique competitive power. This differs for each enterprise, but generally consists of competitive advantages with the following factors: 1) sandal thong technology, 2) product planning, and 3) brand power.