Objective Evaluation of Hearing Loss by Using DPOAE in Infants with Otitis Media with Effusion
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We attempted to establish a method to objectively evaluate the hearing level in 2–4 years of age with otitis media with effusion (OME) who are difficult to examine by pure-tone audiometry, by using distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE). One hundred seventy-nine children with OME were examined by DPOAE, pure-tone audiometry, and tympanometry during the course of the OME and after complete recovery from OME. In order to minimize the variables of DPOAE, we introduced parameters (%DP score, calculated as DP score÷Personal DP×100 〈%〉). We determined that sum of all signal-to-noise ratio (SN), calculated as DP response amplitude minus noise floor for all frequencies, was DP score. Personal DP score was defined as the DP score at the time of complete recovery of each patient. We examined the correlation by regression analysis between the %DP score and the loss of hearing level, and obtained a high correlation coefficient -0.90; regression analysis revealed a determination coefficient 0.86 of the regression curve. Younger children showed higher correlation coefficient and higher determination coefficients between these two parameters than the older group of children. Almost all the cases of OME fell on this regression curve. Accordingly, we supposed that OME infants who cannot be examined by pure-tone audiometry may fall on this regression curve. Thus, it was revealed that the loss of hearing level in infants with OME can be evaluated objectively by using the regression curve of the aforementioned parameter of DPOAE.
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