THE MOVEMENTS OF THE LARGE INTESTINE OF THE FOWL
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概要
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(1) In the colon of the fowl, <I>Gallus gallus domesticus</I>, there existed both Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses, and the number of ganglion cells contained in the former was far smaller as compared with that found in mammals (guinea pig and rabbit), being estimated at 7800/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 3000-4000 /cm<SUP>2</SUP> at the oral and middle or lower part of the colon, respectively. In addition, in the anal circumference of the chicken cloaca there were intramurally located some large ganglions containing nerve cells whose number were varied from 1500 to 2000.<BR>(2) In the colon <I>in situ</I> pulsations recurrently occurred with the period ranging from 7.9 to 11.0 sec. in the anal circumference of the cloaca, traveling with the velocity ranging from 1.2 to 1.5 mm/sec. upwards the wall as shallow waves to reach the most proximal part of the colon, respectively.<BR>(3) When the intraluminal pressure of the colon <I>in situ</I> was raised as high as 3 cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O, the colon was at first distended for a short time (ca. 1/3 sec.), being then followed by a powerful contraction which almost simultaneously spread all over the colon; as a result a considerable amount of the cloacal content was expelled out of the anus. The contraction described above was the effect produced by an extraintestinal reflex the centrifugal pathway of which was proved to be Remak's nerve. In the fowl the movement described above might be considered to be a defecation movement.<BR>(4) When the intraluminal pressure of the colon <I>in vitro</I> was raised to a height of 3 to 6 cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O, at the most proximal part of the colon pulsations recurrently occurred with the period ranging from 30.0 to 33.5 sec., traveling analwards with the velocity ranging from 0.9 to 1.2 mm/sec., respectively; as the waves passed beyond the colon-cloacal junction, they rapidly waned to disappear without expelling the content out of the anus. These facts suggest that in the fowl the intramural ganglion cells of the colon have in some degree a function to regulate the strength as well as the direction of propagation of contraction waves, but they take only a minor role in the defecation.
- 日本平滑筋学会の論文
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関連論文
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