人格價値決定の主要素に關する研究
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
The Latin "persona" originally meant a mask, and thence the actor's rôle, and finally came to indicate the payer in a drama. In this sense, the persons are nothing but <I>dramatis personae</I> on the stage of a society. We must understand the conception of personality in relation to its social signification. As the value of an actor is measurable by the degree of contribution to the theme of a drama, so the value of a person may be deter-mined by degree of its reflecting the end of the social activity.<BR>The higher the degree of this reflection is the more excellent is the person in the society; and this excellency is the fundamental cause to produce the value of the person. Are there not any other factors determining the Personality-Value?<BR>At the preliminary experiment, five subujects tried 1433 comparions as to the Personality-Value of 25 great men. In these 1433 comparisons, the disnositional factors of personality were chosen 593 times, the achievement factors 665 times, those of social ranks and positions 23 times, and the affectional factori 20 times were taken.<BR>The main experiment was devised so as to make subjects order the eminent men. The five eminent men were selected from each of the five distinguished phases of society -polical, economical, religious, artistic and scientific.<BR>Rankings of such 25 eminent persons by using the method of "exact paired comparison" were to be tried from such six different points of view as greatness, intellignce, morality, achievements, reputation and affection. Total -numbers of subieets were 178.<BR>We may regard the correlation coefficients between the order of great-ness and that which is made from any other point of view as the degree of importance of the factors determining the greatness.<BR>The chief results obtained by such method are as follors:<BR>(1)The main faetors determining the Personality-Value are seemed to be achievements (+.78), reputation (+.78), intelligence (+.71), affection (+.69), and morality (+.68) in the male subjects; and morality (+.79), reputation (+.77), affection (+.74), achievements (+.73), and intelligence (+.65) in the female subjects.<BR>(2)The degree of importance of these factors varies according to (a) the evaluating person. Even the same individual evaluates a person differently in his different stage of development; e. g. the students of 2-4 grade of a normal school in our experiment showed a tendency to determine the Persona ity-Value of the political men mainly by morality; and to (b) the evaluated person. The same person may be evaluated differently in his different stage of development, e. g. the greatness of the late Admiral Tôgô seems to be constructed mainly by intaigence in his youth, mainly by morality in his meridian of life, and later by achievements, and finally by the reputation.<BR>(3)In general the male subjects tend to determine the degree of greatness mainly by the achievements or reputation which are in the considerable degree under environmental influence, and the female subjects do it mainly by the morality which rather belongs to disposition. It is very interesting to us to think that this difference bears some resemblance to that which exists between the extrovertion and the introvertion.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文