C.V.Hudginsの方法による瞳孔条件反射の有意統制
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概要
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Following the experiments by Hudgins and others, this investigation was attempted to get further understanding of the mechanism of the voluntary control of the conditioned pupillary reflex.<BR>Two experimental procedures were employed : one was the same as that of Hudgins, and the other quite different. Five subjects were nsed in each procedure.<BR>In the first experiment, using Hudgins' procedure, negative results were obtained with three subjects in the acquisition of the cinditioned pupillary reflex even in the first step. In another subject, the conditioned pupillary reflex which was established in the first step disappeared in the process of the second step. In the last one of the five subjects, the pupillary reflex was regularly evoked under the processes of voluntary control until the sixth day when the verbal commands given both by the experimenter and subject himself could no longer elicit the pupillary response.<BR>In the latter experiment perfarmed under our own procedure which was quite different from Hudgins' and in which the weak and long conditioned stimulus and the successive presentation of the unconditioned stimulus were employed, positive results in both the conditioned pupillary reflex and its voluntary control were obtained in all the five subjects after a few trials of reinforcement for three days.<BR>Conclusion-It seems quite difficult to get good results on the conditioned pupilltry reflex and its voluntary control under Hudgins' procedure. However, under suitable conditions, experimental procedures make it possible to control pupillary response by sub-vocal verbalization of the subject himself. It is, however, questionable whether such a result can support the hypothesis of voluntary behavior presented by the Hunter and Hudgins.<BR>Judging from our experience in the study of the conditioned reflex, and by using new experimental techniques, we expect to be able to confirm our view that the mechanism of the so-called voluntary control in this experiment may be explained in terms of the stimulus generalization or substitution.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文