精神電流反応の言語的条件づけ
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Purpose : The purpose of the present experiment is to testify various conditioned generalizations on verbal activities by means of conditioning GSR on vocal stimulus and, thereby, to analize individual relations among several verbal activities. This experimental program is arrange to the reports given by C. V. Hugins and R. Menzies and other scholars, and is based on C. E. Noble's experimental data in paticular. The present test is, however, limited to only such task as evidencing a certain dominant factor in relations to the conditioning processes, and does not refer to the problem of volition.<BR>Experimental procedures : For this experiment, five subjects in all, 5 female and 2 male students, were used to testify the hypothesis that the GSR conditioned on a temporal stimulus compound, consisting of ra light and a self-initiated vocal stimulus, can be generalized to several verbal activities. The experiment has the following four stages :<BR>(1) To examine the relative pseudo-conditioning.<BR>(2) To take GSR into adaptation for a vocal stimulus and other varbal activities.<BR>(3) To train the subjects for conditioning the vocal stimulus.<BR>(4) Finally to look into the conditioned generalization to see its effect on other controlled verbal activities.<BR>For testing unconditioned stimulus, an electric shock is used, as GSR can be noticed thereby in diagram. S's spoken word as a conditioned. stimulus is a non-sense word, such as'VOLVAP'adopted in the Noble's experimental process. Verbal activities used to test conditioned generalization cover six (6) experimental cases, in which the subject is to (1) whisper, (2) subvocally speak, (3) image (4) look at the letters : 'VOL-VAP', (5) listen and (6) read the same non-sense word. Another non-sense word :'NOSTAW', is also used for the same purpose in the abovementioned last three verbal activity tests. Other details in procedure are similar to those in Noble's experiment.<BR>Results : As Ss had not shown evidence for pseudo-conditioning and reached the level in adaptation in stage (2), they were subjected to train for conditioning, with the results that all of them gave CR's to a temporal stimulus compound, consisting of a light followed by S's self-initiated vocal response, as given in the form of the aforesaid non-sense word. In testing the conditioned generalization, it was found that GSR's were subsequently generalized to self-initiated verbal stimulus, as in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd cases in respose to the visual cue, and that the amplitude date for response to light alone indicated a certain differentiation in the self-initiated vocal stimulus condition. Furthermore, GSR's were generalized to stimulus in the 4th and 6th cases (look at and read 'VOLVAP' respectively), but no similar indication was given in the 5th case (listen to the same none-sense word). However, in the test on'NOSTAW'non of similar results was obtained.<BR>Discussion : From the above test data, it can be concluded that the self-initiated vocal stimulus becomes the 'sign' representing electric shock as US, in which 'signvehicle' can be taken as an auditorial stimulus on else as a proprioceptive stimulus by the related muscle's movement. From these findings as to the degrees of several conditioned generalizations on verbal activities, it can also. be determined that the dominant factor referred to is not an auditorial stimulus, but a certain proprioceptive stimulus that is involved. Since the different word'NOSTAW'was cleariy discriminated from 'VOLVAP', it is particularly emphasized that a 'sign'- object is more important than the 'sign-vehide' in this conditioning process.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文