成功失敗と完成未完成課題--再生に及ぼす効果
スポンサーリンク
概要
- 論文の詳細を見る
Various researches have been conducted about the retaining of the interrupted task, since the Zeigarnik's pioneer experimental research, but these results are not always consistent. The present research was schemed by operating three important factors with the intention of resolving these inconsistencies and offerring further informations ; (a) strength and weakness of the stress in the situation, (b) completion and incompletion of the task, (c) success and failure of the task.<BR>The procedure was as follows.<BR>The experimental situation was consisted of the stress situation (competition) and the non-stress situation (coöperation). C-S group (completion=success, incompletion=failure) and C-F group (completion=failure, incompletion=success) were set up under each situation.<BR>The tasks used consisted of 16 kinds of task including both types of the paper-and pencil task and the operational task. Of 16 tasks, the half were completed, but the remainder incompleted. The experiment was performed in an individual unit for a pair of two school children. Then, the recall of each group was compared.<BR>The results were as follows.<BR>1) In the stress situation, both groups consistently showed significant preponderance of the recall of the succeeded tasks. On the other hand, both groups in thenon-stress situation adversely showed a preponderance of the recall of the failed tasks, but the difference was not statistically significant in C-F group.<BR>2) In comparing C-S group with C-F group in the stress situation, there was a significant variation in the recall of the incompleted tasks, and a significant variation in the recall of the completed tasks was found in the non-stress situation.<BR>3) In comparing between situations, C-S group significantly decreased the recall of the completed tasks and significantly increased the recall of the incompleted tasks with increase of tne stress. On the other hand, C-F group significantly increased the recall of the incompleted tasks and tended to decrease the recall of the completed tasks.<BR>These facts may indicate that (1) ego-defensive reaction is evidently preponderant in the stress situation and the concept of repression is possible to be introduced, and (2) in the non-stress situation, the interrupted effect said so far is a side of facts and the consideration at a point of whole view is needful.<BR>It is particularly suggested that the goal is more general one than only completion of the task and the tension is not always specific to a specific task.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文