動因弁別学習における動機づけの実験的研究
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概要
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In a pre-training four groups of rats ran a straight alley for 11 days. Group H (Hungry) and group HT (hungry and thirsty) received dry food as reward while group T (thirsty) and group TH (thirsty and hungry) were given water. For group TH the reward was shifted from water to food on the 9th day. The mean log running times are shown in Fig. 2 and thier statistical comparisons in Table 2.<BR>Drive discrimination learning followed the pre-training for the next 7 days using a T-maze. In this discrimination learning a specical procedure was divised and the drive was suddenly shifted from hunger to thirst or from thirst to hunger. This was done in the following manner : the shift from hunrer to thirst was made by having the animal eat dry food only : in the same way the shift from thirst to hunger was by letting the animal drink water only.<BR>With the method, it took two hours hunger to thirst and a half hour from thirst to hunger. In this discrimination learning correct responses of all groups reached 80 per cent on the 5th day (Fig. 3 and 4). This result is superior to those of previous drive discrimination learning experiments under traditional procedures. Group TH showed a significantly better performance than groups T and TH. However, since the effect of "irrelevant drives" was not found, Kendler's "selective principle"was not confirmed so far as this training period was concerned.<BR>The effect of pre-training on the drive was shown for the first two days (Fig. 5). Groups H and HT which were given food in pre-training, showed more correct responses to food than to water, conversely groups T and TH more to water than to food. The difference between group TH and group HT whose drive state was approxmately equal, was statistically significant (Table 4). It was concluded that the effect of or pre-training on the drive was due only the reinforcing agent and not to the physiological drive conditions. This effect was found to be related to the acquired drive.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文