家庭の雰囲気についての研究
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概要
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The purpose of this study is to find the concrete feature of the democratic home climate by questionnaire method. For, it is not so much of use for education that the home is only described as "good" or "not good". We regard a domestic accord as the basis of the good home climate.So, our hypothesis is as follows: There is a domestic accord in the democratic home, that is, the better home is, the more accord we can find in the family.From that standpoint, we constructed 20 items on the questionnaire I for parents, and 34 items on the questionnaire II for their children. Moreover, the teachers were asked to evaluate the traits of the children and the climates of their families by using the questionnaire III. So, our questionnaire consisted of 3 parts, I, II and III, and the subjects were asked to fill them anony-mously in I and II, while the subjects' names were really konwn to us by secret signs. We intended to attain the above mentioned object through making those 3 parts interrelated with each another.The subjects were the 6th grade children of 2 urban and 3 rural elementary schools, and the 9th grade children of 5 secondary schools chosen in the same ratio, in Fukushima Prefecture (Table 1). The classification of them in this Table 1 was based upon scores on the questionnaire I.Results1. Mean scores on questionnaire I and II were shown in Table 2 and 5 respectively. As regards to the mean scores, there was no significant difference between both urban and rural parents (Table 2) and children (Table 5).By questionnaire I, the girls of the urban 6th grade and the rural 9th, respectively, exceeded the boys in their means (Table 2).Concerning the questionnaire II (Table 5), the 6th grade boys' mean exceeded the 9th grade boys' mean, and the 9th girls' mean exceeded the boys' mean (p<0.01). There was no other significant difference.2. As regards to each item, the high scores in I were highly evaluated by their school teachers in all points than the low scores. The same thing was seen in the responses of children in II.But concerning the comparison between urban and rural responses, those in I were sometimes reverse to those in II. Thus, it is doubtful to make conclusion from the one-sided data of either I or II. Besides, the coefficients of correlation between the scores on I and II were shown in Table 6.3. It was confirmed that there were, at basis of well-evaluated home, unintentional elements, such as sufficient affection, contact between parents, and warm contact between parents and their children. And as its phenotype, the family climates were represented in such behaviors ass preparation of tea, merry talking at tea or dinner times, fathers' playing and romping with their children, parents' companying in their childrens' study, and so on.Therefore, we may conclude that the above pheno-behaviors are characteristic of the democratic home climate.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文
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