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The problem of spatial orientation has been studied from various aspects. But the experimental study on this problem is not far advanced and the further researches are urgently called for.In this paper, the problem of orientation was studied from three aspects……visual perception, kinesthetic movement, and memory, because the recent study of this problem shows that these aspects are of importance.Exp. I. Each of the twelve figures (Fig. 1) was presented on each trial, and the subject, (A) after memorizing the figure, or (B) looking at it, drew on the paper the figure rotated by certain degrees, 180° and 90° to the right or to the left, as well as the figure reversed from right to left (Reversed)……reflected in a mirror.Results: The time required and the errors made in the task were 180°>90°> (Reversed). More errors were made in A than B, but as for time it was vice versa. Subjects reported that it was easier in A to imagine the rotated figure than in B. The difficulty of the rotation task increased with the complexity of the configuration of the figures.In Exp. II, it was examined whether the figurality which affects the difficulty of the rotation task would have an equal effect on the tachistoscopic vision.Results: The figures were different in exposure time required to reach correct perception, but it was found that figures which were easily caught by tachistoscopic vision were not always the ones easily drawn in rotation.Exp. III. Subjects learned to go through each of the 6 mazes (Fig. 2) from the starting point to the goal. After this, they went through the course from the goal to the starting point which was shifted by rotation at certain degrees.Results: There were no statistically significant differences among the three conditions of rotation (180°, 90°, and (Reversed)) in time and errors. The difference in complexity of the mazes used had not as much influence on the difficulty of the rotation task as the differences of the figures in Exp. I had.These facts may be explained as follows: More complex mental function is required in Exp. III than in Exp. I, viz. in Exp. I, immediate perception of visual figure is important; on the other hand, in Exp. III not only visual aspect but kinestic movement and memory are important.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文