対人的認知構造の研究(1)--対人的態度の認知的交互作用過程
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概要
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The purpose of this report is to study the conditions which induce congruency or inconruency between social preference and its perception, and to clarify the psychological meanings of congruent or incongruent responses as well as the influence of social preference or its perception upon the interpersonal cgnitive structure, by analyzing the cgnitive interaction processes in the interpersonal attitudes. The main results are as follows:1) The incongruent responses (responses which show inconruency between social preference and its perception) are not idiosyncratic responses, but important psychological responses which contain a rule. This rule is clearly shown by analyzing the cgnitive interaction processes in the interpersonal attitudes.2) The congruent responses are more apt to occur under the conditions of mutuality (similarity of feelings between the members of dyad) than under the conditions of non-mutuality. The incongruent responses are more apt to occur under the conditions of non-mutuality than under the conditions of mutuality.3) A factor which determins the similarity or dissimilarity of feelings between the members of a dyad and the cgnitive interaction processes in the interpersonal attitudes is the sociometric status of the guesser in the group.4) The frequency of the congruent choice is the highest when the guesser of high sociometric status is chosen by the guessee.The frequency of the incongruent choice, on the other hand, is the highest when the guesser of low sociometric status is not chosen by the guessee.5) The frequency of the congruent rejection is the highest when the guesser of low sociometric status is rejected by the guessee.The frequency of the incongruent rejection, on the other is the highest when the guesser of high sociometric status is not rejected by the guesses.6) The psychological meanings of the social preference classified as the positive or the negative feeling are related to the status of the guesser. The positive feeling that a person of higher status holds toward another person is more "introjective" one, in comparison with more "projective" one that a person of lower status holds.The reverse holds when the feeling is negative, i.e., a person of higher status tends to hold more "projective" negative feeling, whereas one whose status is lower, more "introjective" negative feeling.7) The degree of influence of social preference or its perception upon the interpersonal cgnitive structure is dissimilar among-individuals.
- 公益社団法人 日本心理学会の論文