The transport of metal ions against their concentration gradients through a 1,2-dichloroethane membrane.

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The uphill transport of metal ions such as copper, zinc, cobalt, and iron(II) ions through a bulk 1,2-dichloroethane membrane in the presence of various chelating agents has been studied. The membrane separated two aqueous phases, one containing the metal ion and potassium or lithium sulfate, and the other containing the metal ion and lithium nitrate or chloride. The chelating agents used were derivatives of 1,10-phenanthroline and acetylacetone. The accumulation of the metal ions in the aqueous phase containing the potassium or lithium sulfate was observed for only the following chelating agents: copper: 4,7-diphenyl-2,9-dimethyl- and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline; zinc: 4,7-diphenyl-, 3,8-diphenyl-, 2,9-dimethyl-, and 4,7-diphenyl-2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline; cobalt: 3,8-diphenyl- and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline; and iron(II): 3,8-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline. In the system containing lithium sulfate in the aqueous phase, the rate of transport of the metal ions was slightly higher than that in the system containing potassium sulfate. The reduction of the nitrate ion in the aqueous phase brought about a lowering of the rate of transport of the metal ions. The transport of the metal ions was, however, unaffected by the electrostatic effect. The metal ion complexed by the chelating agent may be transferred in the 1,2-dichloroethane phase, thus forming an ion-pair with the nitrate or chloride ion.
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