Demonstration of electrostatic field effect working on dipolar liquids with correlation to their structures.
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概要
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When an electrically charged body is allowed to come close to a fine water stream falling down from the tip of a capillary, the vertical stream is bent a little to wards the charged body by an attractive force due to the electricity water dipole interaction. We constructed a simple equipment for the purpose of quantitative determination of the attractive force by defining a quantity <I>P</I> to search the correlation between the permittivity ε and the dipole momemt μ of polar liquids. For various pure polar liquids and mixtures at various mole fractions <I>x</I> of the components, we found a proportional correlationship <I>P</I>\barε=<I>k</I>\barμ with a common constant <I>k</I>, when the electric potential applied on an electrode, temperature, and flow velocity are fixed. In the cases of mixtures, \barε=∑<I>x</I><SUB>1</SUB>ε<SUB>1</SUB> and \barμ=∑<I>x</I><SUB>1</SUB>μ<SUB>1</SUB> are used. Pure liquids, such as methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, acetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, nitromethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, and nitrobenzene and mixtures, such as benzene–ethanol and benzene–nitrobenzene obey the proportionality rule approximately. On the other hand, water and some mixtures such as benzene–acetic acid and benzene–tetrahydrofran fail the rule, suggesting the possibility that molecular association occurs due to their mutual interactions in the liquids. Thus, this method may be considered as a simple demonstration illustrating the states of molecular aggregation in polar liquids.
- 公益社団法人 日本化学会の論文
著者
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Wada Goro
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women s University
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Kato Takako
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University
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Teruta Yasuko
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University
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Bitoh Naoko
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University
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Bitoh Naoko
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University
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