Synergistic solvent extraction of crown ether complexes with alkali metal picrates by neutral donor solvents.
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The solvent extraction of rubidium and caesium picrates has been studied at 25 °C with mixtures of crown ether and tributyl phosphate (TBP) or trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in benzene, and the adduct-formation constants in the benzene solution have been calculated. The crown ethers used in this work were 12-crown-4 (12C4), 15-crown-5 (15C5), and benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5). The stoichiometric composition of any extracted complex under the present experimental conditions is alkali metal ion : crown ether : TBP or TOPO : picrate ion=1 : 1 : 1 : 1. The TOPO complex is more extractable than the corresponding TBP complex. The extractability of the Rb<SUP>+</SUP> complex is larger than that of the corresponding Cs<SUP>+</SUP> complex. For both TBP and TOPO, the adduct-formation constant value sequences of Rb<SUP>+</SUP> and Cs<SUP>+</SUP> are B15C5>12C4>15C5 and 12C4>B15C5>15C5, respectively.
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