A Facile Desulfurization Reaction with a Combination of Two Kinds of Metals in Acidic Media. The Synthesis of Hypoxanthine

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A facile desulfurization procedure has been presented for the method that synthesizes hypoxanthine in one step by heating 4,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-2-mercaptopyrimidine with a desulfurizing agent in formic acid. When Raney nickel prepared in the usual way was used as the desulfurizing agent, it was necessary for the ratio of nickel atoms to sulfur atoms (the Ni/S ratio) to be more than 2.6 : 1. On the contrary, when the Raney alloy <I>per se</I> was used, the amount of nickel could be diminished to a catalytic amount (Ni/S 0.2–0.3). The higher the content of aluminum in the alloy, the smaller the Ni/S ratio required for the desulfurization. In contrast with usual desulfurization reactions carried out in neutral media, most of the sulfur was released from the reaction mixture as hydrogen sulfide. Although aluminum or iron powder by itself had little desulfurizing activity, its addition to the Raney alloy was useful in diminishing the Ni/S ratio. Furthermore, combinations of nickel or cobalt salts and aluminum or iron powder were as effective as the Raney alloy as desulfurizing catalysts. In the case of a combination of nickel formate and aluminum powder, a large portion of the nickel ion was proved to be reduced to metallic nickel. The desulfurization reaction also proceeded smoothly in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. On the basis of these facts, a mechanism was proposed with which the active nickel catalyst is regenerated by such auxiliary metals as aluminum or iron.
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A Facile Desulfurization Reaction with a Combination of Two Kinds of Metals in Acidic Media. The Synthesis of Hypoxanthine

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