EFFECT OF NICOTINE ON SERUM POTASSIUM AND BLOOD GLUCOSE

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It was demonstrated that intravenous administration of nicotine caused a transient increase in plasma potassium level which had a peak at 60 to 90 seconds and returned to the control level in 5 to 8 minutes in nembutal anesthetized dogs. The changes in serum potassium and blood glucose were proportional to the dose of nicotine. The hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia induced by 100 μg/kg of nicotine were almost completely inhibited by 3 mg/kg of hexamethonium. The pretreatment with atropine (2 mg/kg) slightly inhibited the hyperkalemic response but not the hyperglycemic response to nicotine. In adrenalectomizd dogs, the nicotine hyperkalemia was markedly less than in the normal, and disappeared with 2 mg/kg of atropine. The hyperkalemic response to 100 μg/kg of nicotine was a little greater than that of 2.5 μg/kg of adrenaline. Atropine abolished this difference of responses between to nicotine and to adrenaline. These results indicate that nicotine hyperkalemia is mainly mediated through a release of adrenaline from the adrenal gland and partially through the contraction of smooth muscle.
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