ホルモンと内分泌

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概要

• 論文の詳細を見る

• The recent remarkable progresses in endocrinology and biochemistry have necessitated profound alternations in the concepts of hormones and endocrines.<BR>One of instances with the greatest importance is the knowledge concerning with the inseparable functional interlocking of nervous and endocrine coordinating systems. Now, these coordinating systems are coming to be regarded as constituting a neuro-endocrine system. Furthermore, as investigations broaden our concept of the coordinatory systems, it becomes increasingly apparent that many chemical substances other than hormones in the classical sense participate in bodily functions of living being.<BR>Turner (1966) proposes tentatively that the term chemical messenger may be broadly used to include internal secretions (endocrines) and closely related chemical substances involved in integration with the neuro-endocrine coordinatory system. The main types of chemical messengers are following : (1) Hormones in the classical definition, (2) Neurohormones, (3) Neurohumors, (4) Parahormones. But clear distinction of these enummerated types of chemical messengers are not always sharp in all instances. For example, epinephrine and norepinephrine might be considered either as hormones or as neurohormones. The demarkation of neurohormones and neurohumors becomes more obscure. Parahormones are thought to be a convinient category in which to place the large variety of chemical messengers which fail in one or more ways to satisfy the requirments generally implified by the term hormones (Turner). Chemical substances such as histamine, erythropoetin, renin and so on, are included in this category.<BR>Recently the fact has been erucidated that a ubiquitous constituent of the body fluid cyclic 3′5′-adenosine monophosphate plays an important role as a chemical mediator or a second messenger in the mechanism of many hormonal functions. The similar role may be attributed to prostaglandins.<BR>The concepts of hormones and endocrines did not emerge fully fledged from the first formulation. It is to be intensely expected that future investigations will greatly clarify our present, rather confused, understanding of the concepts.

• 日本内分泌学会の論文

著者

• 落合 京一郎

  東京医科歯科大学

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