抑うつ評価尺度の精神医学的研究
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概要
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Since 1964, the Shodai-formula Depression-Rating-Scale (D.R.S.) has been used as a method to inventory depression. Very recently, the revised version, D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> was experimentally devised, and the reliability, validity and correlatibility of this inventory's questions were assessed. The results were compared to those of the Japanese version of the HamiltonRating-Scale (H.R.S.), and objective check list. The following are the results after comparison : 1) The correlaton coefficient of D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> among the total marks of reliability on re-testing was notably high. 2) Means of the total marks for both scales were high for the control group, the neurotic group and the depressed group. A t-test on the difference of the means for each of the three groups was used in order to examine the validity of the scale. Findings showed that the H.R.S. was at the 5% level for the neurotic and depressed groups, and that the marks were significantly higher at the 1 % level for all of them. 3) By classifying 152 cases subjectively, using D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> and H.R.S. simultaneously in the diagnosis and age, correlative indices were obtained in classification by diagnosis on the total points of D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> and H.R.S. for each group, as well as in between the corresponding items of both tests and points taken in total. Thereby, a comparative review of the features was arrived at. 4) As a result, the correlation with the total overall marks after D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> well reflected the total marks in all groups, except for in cases of switching of mania, improvement or depersonal symptoms. In particular, the overall items in which high correlation was noted, such as anxiety-agitation-depression, retardation of thought processes, misanthropy or hypohondriasis, may be regarded as the indices of a depressive state. 5) The revised version can, of course, evaluates, like the former D.R.S., the degree of depression in total marks. In addition, the D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> allows us to grasp the degree of depression simply with the marks for the overall items in the groups and, also, it enables us to compare the course of the symptoms forming the depressive state from the marks obtained in the other nine groups. However, concerning labelling of each disorder, that which is not reflected in the H.R.S. is sometimes supplemented by the D.R.S.<SUB>-78</SUB>, and vice versa; therefore, the combined use of both scales may enable us to grasp the depressive state more accurately. It has been concluded from this that the D.R.S.-S<SUB>78</SUB> cannot be said to be a definitively accurate scale for the differential diagnosis or confirmed diagnosis of depression. As compared with the former D.R.S., however, it is by far a simpler and more useful clinical scale.
- 学校法人 昭和大学・昭和医学会の論文