Bacteremia after tonsillectomy.

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Bacteremia after tonsillectomy was investigated in 40 patients with chronic tonsillitis, recurrent tonsillitis, and peritonsillar abscess. The patients were devided into three treatment groups: no chemotherapy (20), ampicillin (13) and clindamycin (7).The right tonsil was usually resected first. Immediately after tonsillectomy 15 ml of venous blood was placed in culture bottles (Eiken No. 1 to No. 3), 5 ml in each bottle.Blood cultures were positive in 17 (56.7%) of the 30 controls and in 8 (61.5%) of ampicillin group. In the clindamycin group all cultures were negative.A total of 18 species and 38 strains of bacteria were isolated and indentified from the 25 positive blood cultures, 21 strains (55.2%) of aerobes and 17 strains (44.7%) of anarobes. The most frequently isolated bacteria were: Streptococcus sanguis (28.9%), S. pneumoniae (5.3%), S. anginosus (5.3%), Haemophilus influenzae (5.3%), S. intermedius (10.5%), Peptostreptcoccus asaccharolyticus (7.9%), S. morbillorum (5.3%) and P. anaerobius (5.3%).The incidence of bacteremia was much higher than had been expected. Although bacteremia after tonsillectomy might be transient, it seems mandatory to use a second generation cephalosporin or clindamycin during and after surgery.