コルシカ島(フランス)における制度改革とその課題--国家と島嶼の関係変容についての一考察
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概要
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French constitutional thinking after the Revolution is based on the concept of the "Republic, " including principles of the "unity of the French People, " the "indivisibility of the Republic, " "individualism, " "equality" and "laicism." The process of modern capitalistic development was directed by a strong centralized bureaucracy. Corsica, an island situated on the periphery of the republic, became increasingly marginalized.Under Mitterrand's decentralization policy, mid-level "regional" local governments were created and given some of the State's authority, however, this process did not change the fundamental nature of the French Republic. Corsica was designated as a region with a special status, which legitimated policies promoting Corsican culture and regional identity, such as educational programs, or broadcasting in the Corsican language.Moreover, with the institutional reform of 1991, Corsica was designated as a "cultural and historic community, composing the French people." However that was in conflict with the Republican principles.In July 2000, the French government proposed to give partial legislative power to Corsica and to introduce compulsory regional language classes into Corsican elementary schools and kindergartens. However, if these projects are adopted, the French Republican Constitution would need to be amended. For this reason, many Republicans are strongly opposed.In either case, the French Republic itself is going to lose its legitimacy in the process of European integration based on the principles of subsidiarity and pluralism. We can conclude that actual Corsican reform is an opportunity to change the "unitary Republic" into the "plural Republic."
- 日本島嶼学会の論文