THE GROWTH INHIBITION OF THE GERMINATING SEEDS BY SULFONAMIDES AND ITS REVERSAL BY FOLIC ACID ANALOGUES

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The growth inhibition of the seedlings of the wheat and pea induced by sulfonamides was observed morphologically and cytologically. The inhibition was noted when the seeds after soaking in 10-2 M sulfanilamide or 10-3 M 5-methyl-3-sulfanilamide isoxazole (MS) at 25° for about 20 hours were allowed to germinate at 20°. This inhibition was overcome by treatment, 2 days after sowing, with synthetic 10-4 M folic acid analogues, and N10-f-folic acid and CF were found to be specifically effective to reverse it.The biosynthesis of the P. cerevisiae-active substances in the pea seedlings treated with and without a sulfonamide derivative (MS) during the germinating process was followed by microbiological assay with P. cerevisiae. It was found that formation of the substances in the MS-inhibited seedlings was very low, while in the normal seedlings a steady increase was seen with growth which was most rapid in the first 2 days after sowing.By bioautographic investigation it was shown that the bulk of the P. cerevisiae-active substances in pea seedlings are N5, N10-anhydroformyl tetrahydrofolic acid and N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolic acid, as has been shown to be the case in mature green leaves.The significance of the reversal of the "folic acid-deficiency" in higher plants by synthetic folic acid analogues has been discussed.
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