The tibio-femoral joint analysis. Part three.

概要

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Whereas many trials have been made, the treatment for chronic ligament rupture of the knee joint is on the debate about the method of the ligament reconstruction. It has been difficult for surgeons to synthesize new relationship among complicated original movement, structures and configurations of the knee joint which may be physiologically and optimally designed solutions for fulfilling two conflicting requirements: moving and stabilizing (or load-supporting) capacity. If the cruciate and collateral ligaments are mutually independent structures, the joint may show instability, which appears at their ruptures, or restricted movements, which are sometimes produced after their improper reconstructing operation. As the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint can be represented by a crossed four-bar linkage which was described in our previous report, the collateral ligaments are also subjects to study the kinematical modeling. Menschik advocated in 1974 third-order curves: “Burmester curve” for these curves —the vertex and pivot cubics— with regard to insertion positions of the collateral ligament. In the present paper, these curves were calculated from roentogeno-graphic data of the cadaver knee joints. However ligament insertions have wide range from a few mm to cm and the curves were very sensitive to them. Therefore, representative insertion points for ligamentous 3-dimensional movement must be analyzed in the future study.